Through shanti patha students are asking for Gyana Yogyatha prapthihi. May that protect me may that protect the speaker. I shall declare: Thou art the “Right” Thou art the “Good”. Thee alone shall I consider as the visible Brahman. Salutations to Thee O Vayu! Thou art the visible Brahman. May Vishnu, the all pervading (wide –striding) be propitious to us. May the grace of Indra and Brihaspathi be upon us. The invocation Sahana Vavatu comes from this shanti patha. First chapter has a Shanti patha and chapters 2 and 3 together have another shanti patha. Between these three chapters they have two shanti pathas. These two subjects are discussed in chapters 1 and 3. Chapters 1 and 2 are about preparation for gaining Gyanam and deal with Karma Yoga and Upasana. Shankaracharya’s commentary on this chapter is very famous. Vedanta occurs only in chapter 2 and is the most important one. The chapter 2 begins with Brahma and is called Brahmavalli.Ĭhapter 3 begins with Brighu and as such is called Brighuvalli.įourth chapter is called Narayanavalli but it is not studied.įirst and third chapters are not dealing with Vedanta. Thus, chapter 1, beginning with word Shiksha, is called Shikshavalli. Each of the three chapters or sections is named after the very first word used in the chapter. The last or fourth section (chapter) is the Narayanavalli and it is usually chanted while welcoming a Sanyasi. He did not comment on the fourth section. This Upanishad has 3 sections that were commented upon by Shankaracharya. It was an Acharyas name not that of a bird. Thus, like a Tittiri bird they received their teaching. The Tittiri bird also symbolizes a desire to learn quickly. So, Yagnavalkiya is supposed to have taught the students who were also very eager to learn. It was not unusual for a teacher to ask his brilliant student to teach the slower students or his Co-brahmachari’s. Brilliant students usually grasp information very fast or the very first time. The symbology in this story is that Yagnavalkiya’s vomit was like teaching the students a second time. All the Rishi’s who got their wisdom from the vomit, taught others the Krishna Yajur Veda and thus the Veda spread. Later, Yagnavalkiya learnt the Vedas from Surya Bhagavan and he created the Shukla Yajur Veda. It is said that because the vomit was mixed with some blood it had become dark or “Krishna”, hence this knowledge is known as Krishna Yajur Veda. The Tittiri bird is small but it can consume a lot of food. So all Rishi’s converted themselves to Tittiri birds (partridge) and they ate up his vomit. All the Rishi’s who were with Yagnavalkiya thought it would be a great idea if they could become birds and eat his vomit, so that they would get the wisdom very quickly. A bird also digests its food and feeds that to its young. In the vomit was also all his well-digested knowledge. Yagnavalkiya vomited all the food he had eaten and in that vomit all Vedas were surrendered as well. He asked Yagynavalkiya to return all the Vedas taught to him. On one occasion he insulted one of his classmates. Once there was a sage by name of Vaishampayana and he had a great disciple by the name of Yagnavalkiya. The first story comes from the Puranas or is of mythological origins and is considered more a symbolic one. Two reasons are given as to how the name Taittiriya Upanishad has come about. Brihadaranyaka Upanishad also has swaras but they are not very popular. Mundako and Keno upanishad’s were not preserved in the sampradya of chanting. They were preserved in the sampradaya of chanting. They are used for pararayanam due to their swaras or intonation. Taittiriya and Ishawasa Upanishads have an uniqueness to them. He did not comment on the last chapter 10 called Mahanarayanam. Shankaracharya has commented on chapters 7, 8 and 9 only. Last four chapters 7,8, 9 and 10 of the Aranyakam are called Taittiriya Upanishad. The famour Suyra namaskra or Aruna Prashna occurs in Taittiriya Aranyakam. The last 4 chapters are philosophical ones. Taittiriya Upanishad occurs at the end of of Taittirya Aranyakam. Ishavasa and Brihadaranyaka Upanishads are from Shukla Yajur Veda. Katho and Taittiriya Upanishads are from Krishna Yajur Veda. Continuing his introduction to the Upanishad, Swami Paramarthananda said, in the last class he pointed out that among many Upanishads ten are most important due to Shankaracharya writing commentaries on them.
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